Gamepad RC Transmitter

I created a Gamepad RC Controller. The entire build is made of PLA. It is powered by single Li-ion 18650 battery. There are just three types of screws holding it together, which simplifies assembly and maintenance.

This controller is not only functional but also serves as a platform for future modifications and experimentation. I plan to integrate it into upcoming projects, potentially tweaking the design as needed. The simplicity of its construction makes it a good introduction to DIY electronics while leaving plenty of room for advanced features and enhancements.

You will need:

• 1x Arduino Nano
• 1x NRF24L01 module
• 1x MT3608 Step Up Converter
• 4x 10uF 50V Capacitor
• 1x Toggle Switch
• 2x MTS-102 Toggle Switch
• 1x 0.96" OLED Display
• 8x M2.5 8mm Screw
• 4x M2.5 12mm Screw
• 3x M1.6 5mm Screw
• 1x 18650 Li-ion Battery
• 1x TP4056 Charger Module
• 2x Dual-axis XY Joystick Module

Simple guide:

Connect all electronic parts as shown in the schematic. To estimate the length of the cables, position both components where you intend to place them and measure the distance between them. Be sure to add an extra 2 cm to the measurement for flexibility.

You can arrange the components as I have (as shown in the following photos) or find alternative placements that work better for you. 

Next, flash your mainboard (an Arduino Nano in my case) and verify that everything is working correctly. Once confirmed, assemble everything and ensure that all connections, metal parts, and pads are properly insulated. Enjoy!

Stay creative and have fun!

UPGRADE: More Precise Control

The original KY-023 joystick suffers from noticeable inaccuracies — it has a large dead zone both in the center and at the endpoints, making it difficult to control RC models with precision.

To improve performance, I replaced the KY-023 with a joystick from a PS5 controller, which uses a high-quality Hall Effect sensor. The result is significantly smoother and more precise control. I ordered this joystick:

• Joystick: link (PS5 version)
• Cap: link (PS5 version)

There are two options how to do it:

Option 1: Replace Only the Hall Effect Sensor

The PS5 joystick has a different footprint than the KY-023, but it is possible to remove only the Hall sensor from the PS5 joystick and solder it onto the KY-023 module.
Note: You must reverse the power connections — connect VCC to GND and GND to VCC — due to the sensor’s internal design.

This method works, but requires some soldering and care.

Option 2: Custom PCB for PS5 Joystick

I designed a custom PCB that matches the PS5 joystick’s footprint but keeps the same outer dimensions as the KY-023 module. This allows for a direct drop-in replacement without needing to modify the 3D-printed model.

This solution is highly recommended for its precision, reliability, and ease of installation.

Calibration and EEPROM

The firmware has been updated to support joystick calibration, with all settings stored in EEPROM. Calibration is only needed once, unless no valid configuration is found in memory.

Manual calibration can also be triggered by holding down both joystick buttons while powering on the controller. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the process.