5 Inch gauge locomotive
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Bill of Materials
- H Bridge Motor Driver x 1: Rated for current of motor and 12 V tolerant.
- 12 V Motor x 1: Within current requirements of motor driver and battery
- ESP32 Development Board x 1: Most should work
- 12 V battery x 1: A drill battery or a sealed lead asid battery.
- 12 V to 5V convertor x 1: I used a bredboard power supply but i also tried a car usb adaptor that worked until the adapter broke.
- 12 V Fuse x 1: An automotive fuse rated for the current capacity of the motor driver should stop it burning out. Any automative one should do.
- Belt drive x 1: Ensure it fits the motor and the axle and can handle the torque. Mine was a gt3 timing belt and sliped a bit but was mostly fine.
- Logic level convertor x 1: If the motor driver requiers 5 V logic. The ESP 32 only only outputs 3.3V
Description
Note: The chasis I used was mostly printed in PLA but I had some problems with warping in the sun. I would recomend PETG for most of it but TPU for the tyres on the wheels because my PLA ones cracked and derailed the loco.
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Logic level convertor - https://www.amazon.co.uk/Qusedwey-Channel-Converter-Bi-Directional-Shifter-blue/dp/B0DV57CYQG/ref=asc_df_B0DV57CYQG?mcid=0af502139f683f1a8b9fa186f1706f28&hvocijid=10723513870068977404-B0DV57CYQG-&hvexpln=74&tag=googshopuk-21&linkCode=df0&hvadid=696285193871&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=10723513870068977404&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9045652&hvtargid=pla-2281435176658&psc=1&gad_source=1 - I made my own with a breadbord and some transistors but this one will do.
Voltage converter - https://www.amazon.co.uk/Jadeshay-Converter-Step-down-Waterproof-Vehicles/dp/B0CZDPQWJ3/ref=sr_1_13?crid=1TI3XV19723H8&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.0Vd9wkX8enpHVU91MGGJOEn7zcvxSuM7-U4lgGht3EhEb5Z4MwTNu8u9LmCPX01UAiVRL0qo7Axn-RBVYivAybxys9aoY4A9vsR8ZDowPu6NfDTHddtQ_CIm6HvJEOrVjOyOjgRF9VuZIFXsf1jihh68y5CZ6sP_NpzaSsVP38lvmv_NjX0PLiZbQS_UMNaDFvhqhB_vCT0HDVrT_h-fs5U1CFk8B6U4dskAgpNDq2B48HAa710jJTwX059Kwc2rsOZbw7LiOo1b0PCsQlCQD8DbuvVdjlB_QsegciT8a8w.paZuhDPjkj_gTQsJTq-u7r06CBt54FItTDDn40ioSZQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=12v+to+5v&qid=1757863809&s=industrial&sprefix=12v+to+5v%2Cindustrial%2C116&sr=1-13
Belt drive - https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0CQQYT9QM?ref=ppx_pop_dt_b_product_details&th=1
Arduino IDE sketch -
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <NetworkClient.h>
#include <WebServer.h>
#include <ESPmDNS.h>
#include <WiFiAP.h>
// Motor 1
int motor1Pin1 = 26;
int motor1Pin2 = 25;
int enable1Pin = 14;
// Setting PWM properties
const int resolution = 8;
int dutyCycle = 0;
const char *ssid = "Train Controller";
const char *password = "";
String valueString = String(0);
WebServer server(80);
void handleRoot() {
const char html[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="icon" href="data:,">
<style>
html { font-family: Helvetica; text-align: center; }
.button {
user-select: none; background-color: #4CAF50; border: none;
color: white; padding: 12px 28px; font-size: 26px;
margin: 1px; cursor: pointer;
}
.button2 { background-color: #ff0000; }
input[type=range]:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
}
</style>
<script>
function moveForward() {
fetch('/forward').then(() => {
document.getElementById('motorSpeed').innerText = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').value = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').disabled = false;
document.getElementById('motorDirection').innerText = "Forward";
});
}
function stopMotor() {
fetch('/stop').then(() => {
document.getElementById('motorSpeed').innerText = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').value = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').disabled = true;
document.getElementById('motorDirection').innerText = "Stopped";
});
}
function moveReverse() {
fetch('/reverse').then(() => {
document.getElementById('motorSpeed').innerText = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').value = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').disabled = false;
document.getElementById('motorDirection').innerText = "Reverse";
});
}
function updateMotorSpeed(pos) {
document.getElementById('motorSpeed').innerText = pos;
fetch(`/speed?value=${pos}`);
}
document.getElementById('motorSpeed').innerText = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').value = 0;
document.getElementById('motorSlider').disabled = true;
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>5 inch locomotive controll</h1>
<p><button class="button" onclick="moveForward()">FORWARD</button></p>
<p><button class="button button2" onclick="stopMotor()">Neutral</button></p>
<p><button class="button" onclick="moveReverse()">REVERSE</button></p>
<p>Power: <span id="motorSpeed">0</span></p>
<p>Direction: <span id="motorDirection">Stopped</span></p>
<p>Throttle:</p>
<input type="range" min="0" max="100" step="5" id="motorSlider" oninput="updateMotorSpeed(this.value)" value="0" disabled=true/>
</body>
</html>)rawliteral";
server.send(200, "text/html", html);
}
void handleSpeed() {
if (server.hasArg("value")) {
valueString = server.arg("value");
int value = valueString.toInt();
if (value == 0) {
analogWrite(enable1Pin, 0);
} else {
dutyCycle = map(value, 5, 100, 100, 255);
analogWrite(enable1Pin, dutyCycle);
}
}
server.send(200);
}
void handleStop() {
digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
analogWrite(enable1Pin, 0);
dutyCycle = 0;
server.send(200);
}
void handleForward() {
digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
analogWrite(enable1Pin, 0); // Reset speed to 0
server.send(200);
}
void handleReverse() {
digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, HIGH);
analogWrite(enable1Pin, 0); // Reset speed to 0
server.send(200);
}
void handleNotFound() {
server.send(404, "text/plain", "File Not Found");
}
void setup(void) {
pinMode(motor1Pin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motor1Pin2, OUTPUT);
analogWrite(enable1Pin, 0);
analogWriteResolution(enable1Pin, resolution);
WiFi.softAP(ssid, password);
server.begin();
MDNS.begin("esp32");
server.on("/", handleRoot);
server.on("/speed", handleSpeed);
server.on("/forward", handleForward);
server.on("/stop", handleStop);
server.on("/reverse", handleReverse);
server.onNotFound(handleNotFound);
}
void loop(void) {
server.handleClient();
}
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